Efectos adversos relacionados al uso de AINEs en el manejo de osteoartritis felina y canina
Adverse effects related to the use of NSAIDs in the management of feline and canine osteoarthritis
Contenido principal del artículo
Resumen
El mecanismo de acción de los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINEs) consiste en reducir la producción de prostaglandinas (PG) a través de la inhibición de la enzima ciclooxigenasa (COX). Los pacientes más propensos a los efectos secundarios son aquellos de edad avanzada, debido a la reducción de su metabolismo y la excreción del fármaco. Se recomienda no administrar AINEs en pacientes hipovolémicos, deshidratados o hipotensos, y de especial cuidado en pacientes con disfunción cardíaca, renal, hepática, gastrointestinal y hemostática. Los AINEs han sido ampliamente utilizados en el tratamiento del dolor a largo plazo. La eficacia de carprofeno ha sido respaldada por la mayor cantidad de estudios, seguido por meloxicam y firocoxib. Sin embargo, estos pueden causar ulceraciones gástricas, perforaciones y hemorragias entre otros efectos adversos de tipo gastrointestinal, renal y hepático. Existe una marcada diferencia farmacocinética y farmacodinámica entre caninos y felinos que corresponden a diferencias en el metabolismo. La administración de ibuprofeno por lo general no se recomienda en perros, existe el riesgo de ocasionar efectos adversos como ulceraciones gástricas y perforaciones cuando se utiliza terapéuticamente, y posiblemente por muchos AINEs. El objetivo de esta revisión es describir los principales efectos adversos relacionados al uso de AINEs en felinos y caninos, lograr identificar y seleccionar los que aún hoy en día se pueda administrar como analgésico y antiinflamatorio no esteroideo con fines terapéuticos, en el manejo de inflamación, dolor y fiebre en el manejo de osteoartritis (OA) en estas especies en el control y cuidado en los intervalos de dosificación.
Palabras clave:
Descargas
Detalles del artículo
Referencias (VER)
Batlouni M. Antiinflamatorios No Esteoides: Efectos Cardiovasculares, Cerebrovasculares y Renales. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2010; 94(4):556-563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0066-782X2010000400019
Khan S, McLean M. Toxicology of Frequently Encountered Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Dogs and Cats. Vet Clin Small Anim. 2012; 42:289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvsm.2012.01.003
Iff I. Non-steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs in dogs and cats-what´s new? Vet Irelan J. 2011; 1(9):506-510. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asn&AN=86200534&lang=es&site=ehost-live
Burian M, Geisslinger G. COX-dependent mechanisms involved in the antinociceptive action of NSAIDs at central and peripheral sites. Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 107(2):139–154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.02.004
López-Beceiro L, Fernández-Pérez S, Benguria-Astorqui L. Perforación gastrointestinal como consecuencia del uso de AINEs, Rev Complut Cienc Vet. 2007; 1(2):633-640. https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/RCCV/article/view/RCCV0707230633A/22763
Alfaro R, Granados M, Camacho D. Polifarmacia en especies menores de clínicas veterinarias de la provincia de Heredia, en Costa Rica. Rev Colomb Cienc Quím. Farm. 2018; 47(1):5-13. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v47n1.70652
Müntener C, Bruckner L, Kupper J, Althaus F, Schäublin M. Vigilance for veterinary medicinal products: reports of adverse reactions in the year 2012. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2013; 155(11):613-620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0036-7281/a000523
Müntener C., Bruckner L, Kupper J, Althaus F, Schäublin M. Vigilance for veterinary medicinal products: reports of adverse reactions in the year 2013. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2014; 156(11):519-525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0036-7281/a000642
Radi Z. Pathophysiology of cyclooxygenase inhibition in animal models, Toxicol Pathol. 2009; 37:34-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192623308329474
Bergh M, Budsberg S. The coxib NSAIDs: potential clinical and pharmacologic importance in veterinary medicine. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 19:633-643. https://doi.org/10.1892/0891-6640(2005)19[633:tcnpca]2.0.co;2
Stolfi C, De Simone V, Pallone F, Monteleone G. Mechanisms of Action of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Mesalazine in the Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2013; 14:17972-17985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms140917972
Rao P, Kabir S, Mohamed T. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Progress in Small Molecule Drug Development. Pharmaceuticals. 2010; 3:1530-1549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph3051530
Schellack N, Schellack G, Fourie J. A review of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. S Afr Pharm J. 2015; 82(3):8-18. http://www.sapj.co.za/index.php/SAPJ/article/download/1988/3481
Maddison J. Cats and NSAIDs- what are the issues?. Irish Veterinary Journal. 2007; 60(3):174-178. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asn&AN=24946789&lang=es&site=ehost-live
Schwab J, Schluesener H, Laufer S. COX-3: just another COX or the solitary elusive target of paracetamol? Lancet. 2003; 361(9362): 981-982. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12841-3
Chandrasekharan N, Dai H, Turepu K, Evanson N, Tomsik J, Elton T. COX-3, a cyclooxygenase-1 variant inhibited by acetaminophen and other analgesic/antipyretic drugs: Cloning, structure, and expression. PNAS. 2002; 99(21):13926-13931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.162468699
Sparkes A, Heiene R, Lascelles B, Malik R, Sampietro L, Robertson S. ISFM and AAFP consensus guidelines: long – term use of NSAIDs in cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2010; 12(7):521-538. https://www.wsava.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Guidelines-for-the-Long-Term-Use-of-NSAIDS-in-Cats.pdf
Jones R. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the cat. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2007; 34:225–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.2007.00372.x
Tangmahakul N., Soontornvipart K., Nganvongpanit K. Comparison of the efficacy of firocoxib and carprofen in clinical use for canine coxofemoral osteoarthritis. Thai J Vet Med. 2015; 45(3):351-362. http://www.thaiscience.info/Journals/Article/TJVM/10978194.pdf
Less P. Pharmacology of drugs used to treat osteoarthritis in veterinary practice. Inflammopharmacology. 2003; 11(4):385-399. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1163/156856003322699564
Innes J, Clayton J, Lascelles B. Review of the safety and efficacy of long-term NSAID use in the treatment of canine osteoarthritis. Vet Rec. 2010; 166:226-230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.c97
Innes J, O´Neill T, Lascelles D. Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis. In Practice. 2010; 32:126-137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inp.c1436
Lomas A, Grauer G. The Renal Effects of NSAIDs in Dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2015; 51(3):197-203. https://doi.org/10.5326/JAAHA-MS-6239
Sanderson R, Beata C, Flipo R, Genevois J, Macias C, Tacke S. Systematic review of the management of canine osteoarthritis. Vet Rec. 2009; 164(14):418-424. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.164.14.418
Lees P., Pelligand L, Elliott J, Toutain P, Michels G, Stegemann M. Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicology and therapeutics of mavacoxib in the dog: a review. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2014; 38(1):1-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvp.12185
Robertson S. Osteoarthitis in cats: what we now know about recognition and treatment. Vet Med. 2008; 103(11):611-616. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asn&AN=35372473&lang=es&site=ehost-live
Ruiz J. Factores fisiológicos que modifican la acción de los fármacos en medicina veterinaria. Rev Col Cienc Pec. 2001; 14(1):36-48. https://revistas.udea.edu.co/index.php/rccp/article/view/323750/20780937
Lascelles B, Henderson AJ, Hackett IJ. Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of meloxicam in cats with painful locomotor disorders. J Small Anim Pract. 2001; 42(12):587-593. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.2001.tb06034.x
Hunt J, Dean R, Davis G., Murrell J. An analysis of the relative frequencies of reported adverse events associated with NSAID administration in dogs and cats in the United Kingdom. Vet J. 2015; 206(2):183–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.07.025
Lascelles B, Hansen B, Roe S, DePuy V, Thomson A, Pierce C. Evaluation of client– specific outcome measures and activity monitoring to measure pain relief in cats with osteoarthritis. J Vet Intern Med. 2007; 21(3):410-416. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.tb02983.x
Szweda M, Szarek J, Kielbowicz Z, Szynaka B. Side-effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the liver in dogs and hepatoprotective effect of plant remedies. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy. 2014; 58(3):459-466. https://doi.org/10.2478/bvip-2014-0070
Valadan M, Shojaee-Tabrizi A, Sarchahi AA, Derakhshandeh A, Mirzaeian S. Comparison of gastric adverse effects of aspirin and celecoxib before and after eradicating Helicobacter spp. infection in dogs. IJVR. 2014; 15(2):154-158. http://ijvr.shirazu.ac.ir/article_2363_0eaf6030011d0bd11615ed312df0ebca.pdf
King J, Rudaz C, Borer L, Jung M, Seewald W., Lees P. In vitro and ex vivo inhibition of canine cyclooxygenase isoforms by robenacoxib: a comparative study. Res Vet Sci. 2010; 88(3):497-506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.11.002
Webb C, Twedt D. Canine gastritis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2003; 33(5):969-985. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7124327/
Richardson J. Management of Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen toxicosis in dogs and cats. J Vet Emerg Critic Care. 2007; 10(4):285-291. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-4431.2000.tb00013.x
Davis M, Williamson K. Gastritis and gastric ulcers in work dogs. Front Vet Sci. 2016; 3:30. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2016.00030
Fusellier M, Desfontis J, Madec S. Effect of tepoxalin on renal function in healthy dogs receiving an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 28(6):581-586. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.2005.00685.x
Surdyk K, Sloan D, Brown S. Evaluation of the renal effects of ibuprofen and carprofen in euvolemic and volume-depleted dogs. Intern J Appl Res Vet Med. 2011; 9:129-136. http://www.jarvm.com/articles/Vol9Iss2/Vol9%20Iss1Brown.pdf
Boelsterli U. Diclofenac-induced liver injury: a paradigm of idiosyncratic drug toxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2003; 192(3):307-322. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0041-008X(03)00368-5
Reymond N, Speranza C, Gruet P, Seewald W, King J. Robenacoxib vs. carprofen for the treatment of canine osteoarthritis; a randomized, noninferiority clinical trial. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2012; 35(2):175-183. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01297.x
Nakagawa K, Yamagami T, Takemura N. Hepatocellular toxicosis associated with the alternate administration of carprofen and meloxicam in a siberian husky. J Vet Med Sci. 2005; 67(10):1051-1053. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.67.1051
Siroka Z. The toxicity and adverse effects of selected drugs in animals – overview. Pol J Vet Sci. 2013; 16(1):181–191. http://journals.pan.pl/dlibra/publication/114082/edition/99140/content
Sutalo S, Ruetten M, Hartnack S. The effect of orally administered ranitidine and once-daily or twice-daily orally administered omeprazole on intragastric pH in cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2015; 29(3):840-846. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12580
Parkinson S, Tolbert K, Messenger K, Odunayo A, Brand M, Davidson G, el al. Evaluation of the Effect of Orally Administered Acid Suppressants on Intragastric pH in Cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2015; 29(1):104–112. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12493
Takeuchi H. The role of food for the formation and prevention of gastrointestinal lesions induced by aspirin in cats. Digestive Diseases and Sciences. 2013; 58(10):2840–2849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620-013-2725-7
Sumano-López H, Ocampo-Camberos L. Farmacología Veterinaria 3 ed. McGraw-Hill Interamericana: México D.F; 2006. https://es.scribd.com/doc/55938774/Farmacologia-Veterinaria-Tercera-Edicion-Sumano-Ocampo
Plumb D. Plumb´s Veterinary Drug Handbook. 7th ed, PharmaVet Inc: Wisconsin; 2011. https://books-library.online/files/download-pdf-ebooks.org-kupd-190.pdf
Ettinger S, Feldman E. Veterinary Internal Medicine. Diseases of the dog and the cat. 8th ed, Saunders Elsevier; 2017. https://evolve.elsevier.com/cs/product/9780323312110?role=student